πρώτο ερευνητικό ερώτημα

Υπάρχουν Ελληνικές λέξεις στην Αγγλική γλώσσα;


Η απάντησή μας:

Ξέραμε ότι κάποιες αγγλικές λέξεις είναι ελληνικές αλλά πραγματικά ξαφνιαστήκαμε όταν ψάχνοντας ανακαλύψαμε πόσες ελληνικές λέξεις υπάρχουν στην αγγλική γλώσσα! Ακολουθεί αλφαβητικός κατάλογος με τα ευρήματά μας.

A

abyss, academy, acme = ακμή, δόξα, acrobat, acropolis, aegis, aerial, aerodrome, aeronautics, aeroplane, aesthetic, air, all, allegory, allergy, alphabet, amalgam, ambrosia, amethyst, amnesia, amphibian, amphitheatre, amphora, anachronism, anaemia, anagram, analogy, analysis, anarchism, anathema, anatomy, angel, anomalous, antagonism, anorexia, anthology, anticyclone, aorta, apathetic, aphorism, apocalypse, apologise, apoplexy, apostasy, apostle, apostrophe, apothecary, archaeology, archbishop, archdeacon, archipelago, architect, arctic, aristocratic, arithmetic, aroma, arsenic, asbestos, ascetic, asphyxia, asthma, astrology, astronaut, astronomy, asylum, atheism, athlete, atmosphere, atom, atrophy, aura, austere authentic, autobiography, autocrat, automatic, autograph, autonomous, autopsy, axiom.

B

bacterium, baptism, barbarian, baritone, barometer, basic, basil, bathos, basis, Bible, bibliography, bigamy, biochemistry, biography, biology, biplane, blasphemy, botany.

C

call = καλώ, calando, callus, calyx, canon, captain, card, cartography, castor, cataclysm, catacombs, catalogue, catalyst, catapult, cataract, catarrh, catastrophe, catechism, category, cathedral, cathode, catholic, caustic, cell, cemetery, cenotaph, centre, ceramic, chameleon, chaos, character, chart, chasm, chimera, chiropractor, choir, chiropodist, chord choreography, chorus, Christ, chromatic, chromosome, chronic, chronicle, chronological, chronometer, chrysalis, chrysanthemum, cinema, cirrhosis, claustrophobia, cleric, climacteric, climate, climax, clinic, code, colossal. Comedy, comic, comma, cosmos, cosmetic, cosmonaut, cost, crisis, criterion, criticism, crypt, crystal, cybernetics, cycle, cyclone, cyclopaedia, cyclotron, cylinder, cymbal, cynic, cyst.

D

deacon = διάκων, decade, Decalogue, delta, demagogic, democracy, demography, demon, demotic, dermatology, diabetes, diabolic, diadem diaeresis (διαλυτικά), diagnosis, diagonal, diagram, dialect, dialogue, diameter, diamond, diaphanous, diaphragm, diatribe, dichotomy, dictator, didactic, diet, dilemma, dinosaur, dioxide, diorama, diphtheria, diphthong, diploma, diplomat, disaster, disc, dolphin, dose, double, draconian, dragon, drama, drastic, dynamic, dynamite, dynasty, dyspepsia, disharmony.

E

eccentric, ecclesiastic, echo, eclectic, eclipse, ecology, economic, ecstasy, ecumenical, ecumenical, eczema, egoism, elastic, electric, elegiac, elephant, elliptic, emblem, embryo, emetic, emphasis, empiric, emporium, encyclopaedia, endemic, energy, enigma, enthrone, enthusiasm, entomology, enzyme, ephemeral, epidemic, epigram, epilepsy, epilogue, epiphany, episode, epistle, epistyle, epitaph, epithet, epitome, epoch, erotic, esoteric, ether, ethic, ethnic, ethos, etymology, eucalyptus, Eucharist, eugenics, eulogize, eunuch, euphemism, euphony, euphoria, Eurasia, eureka, evangelic, exodus, exorcize, exotic.

F

fable=φαύλος-μύθος, fanatic, fantasy, father, frenetic=φρενήρης.

G

galaxy, gastronomy, general, genesis, genus, genitive = γενική, George, geo, geography, geometry, geocentric, geophysics, geopolitics, geology, geometry, gerontology, gigantic, glycerine, gyro, government, grammatical, gramophone, graphic, gymnasium, Gregorian, gynaecology.

H

hagiology, halcyon = αλκυών, harmony = αρμονία, hecatomb, hectare, hedonism, hegemony, helicopter, heliotrope, helium, helot, hemisphere, haemorrhage=αιμορραγία, haemorrhoids, hepatitis, heretic, hermaphrodite, hermetic, hermit, hero, heroin, Hesperus, heterodox, heterogeneous, heterosexual, hexagon, hexameter, hierarchy, hieroglyph, hilarious, hippopotamus, hippodrome, history, holocaust, holograph, homeopathy, homogeneous, homonym, homophone, hour = ώρα, (χώρα), horizon, hymen, hyperbole, hypnosis, hypocrisy, hypotenuse, hysteria, homosexual, horde, horizon, hormone, hour, hydrostatics, hydrophobia, hyena, hygiene, hymn, hypertrophy, hypochondria, hypodermic, hypothesis.

I

iamb, icon, iconoclast, idea, ideogram, ideology, idiot, idiolect, idiom, idiosyncrasy, idyllic, ironic, isobar, isosceles, isotope, isthmus.

K

kaleidoscope, kilo, kilocycle, kilogram, kilometre, kilolitre, kinetic, kleptomania.

L

labyrinth, laconic, laic, lachrymal = δάκρυσμα, larynx, lava, lesbian, lethargy, leukaemia, lexical, lithography, logarithm, logic, logistics, lynx, lyre, lyric.

M

macrobiotic, macrocosm, magic, magnet, mania, mathematics, mechanic, medal, megacycle, megalith, megalomania, megaphone, megaton, meiosis, melancholia, melodic, melodrama, meningitis, menopause, metabolism, metallic, metallurgy, metamorphosis, metaphor, metaphysics, meteor, meteorite, meteorology, meter, metre, metric, metronome, metropolis, miasma, microbe, microbiology, microelectronics, micrometer, micron, micro organism, microphone, microscope, mimeograph, mimetic, monarch, monastery, monogamy, monogram, monolith, monologue, monomania, monoplane, monopoly, monosyllable, monotheism, monotone, morphology, museum, music, myopia, myriad, mysterious, mystic, myth.

N

narcissism, narcotic, nautical, nautilus, necromancy, necropolis, nectar, nemesis, Neolithic, neologism, neon, news, nerve, neoplasm, nephritis, neuralgia, neurasthenia, nominative = ονομαστική, nostalgia, nymph.

O

oasis, ocean, octagon, octane, octave, octogenarian, octopus, ode (ωδή), odyssey, oesophagus, Oedipus complex, orgy, oligarchy, Olympiad, Olympic, onomatopoeia, ontology, ophthalmic, optic (optimist, option), orchestra, orchid, organ, organic, organism, organize, orgasm, orphan, orthodox, orthographic, orthopaedic, osteopath, ouzo, oxide, oxygen.

P

pachyderm, pagan=παγανιστής-ειδωλολάτρης, Paleolithic, paleontology, palm, panacea, panchromatic, pancreas, pandemic, pandemonium, panegyric=πανηγυρικήομιλία, panic, panoply, panorama, pantechnicon, pantheism, pantheon, panther, parabola=παραβολή, paradigm, paradox, paragon=παράγων-υπόδειγμα, paragraph, parallel, paralysis, paranoia, paraphrase, paraplegia, parasite, paratyphoid, parenthesis, pariah=παρίας, parody, paroxysm, patter, pathetic, pathology, pathos, patriarch, patriot, patronymic, pedagogue, pederasty, pediatrics, pedometer=βηματομετρητής, pentagon, pentameter, Pentateuch, pentathlon, Pentecost, Pepsis, perihelion=περιήλιο, perimeter, period, peripatetic, periphrasis, periphery, periscope, peristyle, peritonitis, petal=πέταλοάνθους, phalanx, phallus=φαλλός, phantasm, pharmacology, pharmacy, pharynx, phase, phenomenon, philanthropy, philately, philharmonic, philology, philosophy, philter, phlebitis, phlegm, phobia, phoenix, phone, phoneme=φώνημα, phonetic, phonograph, phonology, phosphorous, photo, photoelectric, photogenic, photograph, photolithography, photometer, phrase, phrenology, phthisis, physics, physiognomy, physiology, physiotherapy, planet, plasma, plasma, plastic, plectrum=πλήκτρο, pleonasm, plethora, plural, πλήθος, πληθυντικός, plutocracy, plutonium, pneumatic, pneumonia, pole=πόλος, polemic, policy, police, politics, polyandry, polygamy, polyglot, polygon, polymorphous, polyphony, polypus, polysyllable, polytechnic, polytheism, porn, practice, pragmatism, presbyter, prism, problem, prognosis, programmer, prologue, prophecy, prophylactic, proscenium=προσκήνιο, proselyte, prosody, protagonist, protocol, proton, protoplasm, protozoa, prototype, psalm, pseudonym, psyche, psychedelic, psychic, psychoanalysis, psychology, psychopath, psychosis, psychotherapy, pterodactyl, pylon=πυλώνας, pyramid, pyre=πυρά, pyrites, pyrotechnics=πυροτέχνημα, python.

Q = k

qoppa Kappa.

R

radio, Reyna, rhyme, rhythm.

S

sandal, sarcasm, sarcophagus, sardonic, satyr, scene, skeptic, schematic, schism, schizophrenia, scholar, scholastic, school, scoria, scorpion, Scylla, seismic, semantic, semaphore=σηματοφόρος, septicemia=σηψαιμία, serial, sir, solecism=σολοικισμός, sophism, spasm, sphinx, stadium, stalactite, stalagmite, star, static, statistics, stereophonic, stereoscopic, sternum, stigma, stoic, stomach, strategy, stratagem, stratosphere, streptococcus, streptomycin, strophe, sycophant, syllogism, syllable, symbol, symmetry, sympathetic, symphony, symposium, symptom, synagogue, synchronize, syncope, syndrome, synod, synonym, synopsis, syntax, synthesis, syphilis, syringe, system.

T

tactic, talent, tantalize = Τάνταλος, tartar, tautology, taxidermy, technique, technocracy, technology, telegram, telegraph, telemetry, teleology, telepathy, telephone, telephoto, telescope, theatre, theism, theme, theocracy, theology, theorem, theoretic, theory, theosophy, therapeutic, therapy, thermo, thermal, thermion, thermometer, thermos, thesaurus, thesis, tone, topography, Trapeze, tragedy, tragicomedy, tremor, trigonometry, trilogy, tripod, trireme = τριήρη, triple, trophy, tropic, typhoon, typo, typical, typography, tyranny.

U

unanimous, anonymous, Uranus, uranium.

V = W = B(β)

basic, barbarian.

X

xenophobe, xylophone, xenia, xenon.

Y

hypo – hyper , super = υπό – υπέρ.

Z

Zeus = Ζευς, zephyr, zeugma, zodiac, zone, zoology.


Η άποψη της Ζωής Αλεξοπούλου:


   Μήπως όλοι μιλάμε ελληνικά και δεν το ξέρουμε ;
   Γίνεται αρκετή συζήτηση για την εισβολή ξένων λέξεων στο λεξιλόγιο μας . Παρόλο που εν μέρει αυτό είναι σωστό , έχετε προσέξει ποτέ πόσες ξένες λέξεις έχουν ελληνικές ρίζες ; Είναι (όσο και αν σας ακούγεται πολλές ) περισσότερες από 150000
Αγγλικές.
    Ορισμένες από αυτές τις λέξεις είναι:
amnesia , anemia , basic , biology , chromosome , code , crisis , dermatology , dictator , ecology , enthusiasm , fantastic , fantasy , genesis , grammatical , harmony , horizon , idea , ironic , kilometer , kleptomania , logic , lyric , meteorology , metropolis , nautical , nostalgia , ocean , organic , paranoia , period , plethora , protocol , radio , sardonic ,symmetry , symphony , tactic , theory , anonymous , xenophobe , xylophone , zeugma , zone , zoology .
Η επίδραση της Ελληνικής γλώσσας στην Αγγλική έχει μεγάλη σημασία για την παγκόσμια γλώσσα και τον παγκόσμιο πολιτισμό . Η Ελληνική γλώσσα χρησίμευσε στο να εκφράσει την ποιο καλλιεργημένη σκέψη του Αρχαίου κόσμου . Όπως μας αναφέρει ο καθηγητής Μπαμπινιώτης η Ελληνική κατέχει ξεχωριστή θέση ανάμεσα στις 2.700 γλώσσες του κόσμου αποτελεί απλή εμπειρική διαπίστωση . Λέξεις όπως θεωρία και εμπειρία , μέθοδος , οργάνωση και σύστημα , ανάλυση και σύνθεση , ιδέα και θέμα , εποχή και περίοδος , μαγεία και μυστήριο , θέατρο και δράμα , ιστορία και τεχνολογία , σχολείο , μηχανή αλλά και αυτόματος και ατομικός και ηλεκτρονικός , αυτό το ίδιο όνομα Ευρώπη και χιλιάδες άλλες λέξεις έχουν καταστεί λέξεις του διεθνούς λεξιλογίου , που οι απλοί ομιλητές της Αγγλικής , της Δανικής η της Ιαπωνικής ούτε καν υποψιάζονται κατά κανονικά , ότι είναι Ελληνικά δάνεια στη γλώσσα τους . Από τις 166.724 αγγλικές λέξεις , που περιβάλλονται στο αγγλικό λεξικό του Webster , υπολογίζεται ότι 35.136 λέξεις είναι Ελληνικές ή Ελληνογενείς .
   Η υπέρτατη απόδειξη είναι οι λόγοι που εκφώνησε ο καθηγητής Ξενοφών Ζολώτας σε Αγγλόφωνο κοινό χρησιμοποιώντας κυρίως Ελληνικές λέξεις.